Standard classical guitar tuning
From the thickest sixth string to the thinnest first string, standard tuning is E2 A2 D3 G3 B3 E4. The note targets match a standard acoustic or electric guitar even though the materials, bridge attachment, and tuning machines differ.
| String | Note | Approx. frequency at A=440 |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | E2 | 82.41 Hz |
| 5 | A2 | 110.00 Hz |
| 4 | D3 | 146.83 Hz |
| 3 | G3 | 196.00 Hz |
| 2 | B3 | 246.94 Hz |
| 1 | E4 | 329.63 Hz |
Step-by-step tuning
- Choose standard E A D G B E on the online guitar tuner.
- Place the device close enough to hear the nylon strings clearly.
- Pluck one open string with moderate force and mute the others.
- If it is flat, turn the correct roller so it takes up string and raises pitch.
- If it is sharp, release tension until slightly below target, then tune upward.
- Repeat all six strings, then make a second pass.
Slotted-headstock tuning machines
Many classical guitars use horizontal rollers visible through slots in the headstock. There is no reliable universal “clockwise” instruction because viewing angle and string installation differ. Watch the roller: winding more string onto it raises tension, while releasing string lowers tension. The guide to which way to turn tuning pegs explains a safe test.
Why nylon strings require repeated tuning
Fresh nylon strings settle much more noticeably than familiar steel sets. Knots tighten, wraps compress, and the material elongates under tension. During the first several playing sessions, tune repeatedly and expect the strings to go flat. Gentle settling is useful, but pulling aggressively can damage a string or loosen a bridge tie.
Check the bridge ties
Traditional classical strings are tied at the bridge. Each knot must hold securely against the tie block without the tail slipping toward the soundboard. Treble strings are smooth and may require an appropriate locking wrap. Protect the guitar’s top from loose string ends and follow the string maker or instrument manufacturer’s installation instructions.
Using the fifth-fret method
If you have one reliable reference string, tune the others relatively: low E fifth fret to open A, A fifth fret to open D, D fifth fret to open G, G fourth fret to open B, and B fifth fret to open high E. This makes the strings agree with one another, but an external reference is required for exact concert pitch.
Common tuning problems
- Strings continually go flat: new strings or bridge knots may still be settling.
- A roller turns but pitch does not change: inspect the wrap and bridge tie for slipping.
- The tuner jumps between notes: mute neighboring strings and move closer to the microphone.
- Frets sound sharp: reduce finger pressure and check setup or intonation.
- A string buzzes: confirm it follows the correct nut and roller path.
How often to tune
Check before every practice session and more often with a new set. Temperature and humidity also affect tuning, so let the guitar acclimate after moving it between environments. Do not loosen all strings after ordinary daily playing; the guitar is designed to remain at normal nylon-string tension.
Final listening check
After the tuner is centered, play open-position chords and listen for one string that stands out. Then compare the open high E with the low E at the 12th fret. For a complete beginner process, see How to Tune a Guitar for Beginners.