Tune before practicing chords
Chord practice works best when the guitar is accurately tuned to E A D G B E, from the thick sixth string to the thin first string. Even a correct fingering sounds unsettled when one string is several cents out. Use the standard guitar tuner, then play each string again after forming your first few chords.
Eight essential open chords
| Chord | Frets, low to high | Notes or use |
|---|---|---|
| C major | x32010 | Start on the fifth string; keep the first and third strings open. |
| G major | 320003 | Use fingers that make the next chord change comfortable. |
| D major | xx0232 | Play only the top four strings. |
| E major | 022100 | All six strings can ring. |
| A major | x02220 | Mute the low E string. |
| E minor | 022000 | A simple minor shape using all six strings. |
| A minor | x02210 | One-fret change from A major on the second string. |
| D minor | xx0231 | Play the top four strings and keep the first fret clear. |
How to make every note ring
Place each fingertip just behind its fret rather than directly on top of the metal. Curl the fingers so they do not touch neighboring strings, keep the thumb relaxed behind the neck, and use only enough pressure to stop buzzing. Test the chord one string at a time before strumming it as a whole.
Practice chord changes efficiently
- Choose two shapes, such as G and C.
- Form the first chord slowly and check every string.
- Release pressure without moving the hand far from the strings.
- Build the second shape, then return to the first.
- Repeat for one minute without strumming, prioritizing accurate placement.
- Add a slow, steady strum only after both shapes are reliable.
Common problems
A muted note usually comes from a neighboring finger touching its string. Buzzing often means the fingertip is too far behind the fret or is not pressing firmly enough. If several chords sound sharp even after tuning, lighten the fretting pressure and check the guitar's intonation.